Description
Iron pentacarbonyl, also known as iron carbonyl, is the compound with formula Fe(CO)5. Under standard conditions Fe(CO)5 is a free-flowing, straw-colored liquid with a pungent odour. Older samples appear darker. This compound is a common precursor to diverse iron compounds, including many that are useful in small scale organic synthesis.
Compound Properties
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- Melting Point:-21 °C
- Density: 1.457 g/cm3 @ Temp: 21 °C
- Boiling Point: 102.8 °C @ Press: 749 Torr
- Chemical formula: Fe(CO)s
- Form: liquid
- Molar mass: 195.90 g/mol
- Appearance: straw-yellow to brilliant orange liquid
- Odor: musty
- Density: 1.453 g/cm³
- CAS NO:13463-40-6
Iron pentacarbonyl is a homoleptic metal carbonyl, where carbon monoxide is the only ligand complexed with a metal. Other examples include octahedral Cr(CO)6 and tetrahedral Ni(CO)4. Most metal carbonyls have 18 valence electrons, and Fe(CO)5 fits this pattern with 8 valence electrons on Fe and five pairs of electrons provided by the CO ligands. Reflecting its symmetrical structure and charge neutrality, Fe(CO)5 is volatile; it is one of the most frequently encountered liquid metal complexes. Fe(CO)5 adopts a trigonal bipyramidal structure with the Fe atom surrounded by five CO ligands: three in equatorial positions and two axially bound. The Fe–C–O linkages are each linear.Fe(CO)5 exhibits a relatively low rate of interchange between the axial and equatorial CO groups via the Berry mechanism. It is characterized by two intense νCO bands in the IR spectrum at 2034 and 2014 cm−1
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